Sociocultural Determinants of Responsible Water Usage: A Case Study of Residential Practices in Swabi

Abstract

Water is fundamental to human survival and plays a central role in sustaining daily life. This study aims to assess the domestic water usage patterns among residents of Swabi, with particular attention to the influence of socioeconomic factors. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 400 respondents through structured interviews, using a probability sampling technique. The study primarily examined three variables: level of income, level of education, and type of household. Contrary to common assumptions, the analysis revealed no statistically significant association between these variables and the responsible or sensible use of water. Education level did not correlate with water conservation behavior, nor was household type linked with issues such as leakage or wastage. Similarly, income levels were not predictive of water-use awareness. These findings challenge traditional narratives around resource-conscious behavior and socioeconomic status. The study recommends targeted awareness campaigns and community-based interventions to foster water conservation practices that transcend educational or economic boundaries. The results contribute to a broader sociological understanding of environmental behavior in everyday contexts.

Water Usage, Domestic Consumption, Sociodemographic Factors, Environmental Behavior, Swabi District