Rest, Refuel, and Revive: Evaluating the Multifaceted Benefits of the Katlang MSA Interchange on the Swat Motorway (M-16) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract

This study comprehensively assessed the multifaceted benefits of the Katlang Services Area on the Swat Motorway (M-16), focusing on land use efficiency, Sustainable Transport, socio-economic development, environmental sustainability, safety, and logistical enhancements. Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) analysis shows that 49.4% of the total area (approximately 380,000 sq. ft.) is dedicated to Greenery/Open Space, and 32.5% (250,000 sq. ft.) to Plantation Area, indicating that over 81.9% of the MSA prioritizes ecological restoration and traveler wellness. Built infrastructure occupies only 16.7% of the total land area, reflecting minimal impervious surface coverage to reduce urban heat and surface runoff. Economically, the MSA has stimulated local job creation in hospitality, food services, and retail, increased small-business activity, and attracted tourism toward Swat, Dir, and Chitral. Socially, it promotes inclusion and cultural interaction through family zones, shaded rest areas, prayer spaces, and hygienic washrooms, addressing the needs of women, children, and elderly travelers. Field data highpoints a 80% satisfaction rate for rest stop availability and an 82% score for restroom hygiene. Safety impacts are notable fatigue-related crashes, which constitute approximately 28% of motorway accidents (with 54% being fatal), are mitigated by the MSA’s structured facilities. Security presence (85%) and emergency service access (91%) further enhance traveler confidence.Environmental contributions include a 25% reduction in vehicular emissions due to decreased idle time, 30% from green landscaping, and 25% from reduced congestion. Notable green initiatives include a 5-acre olive orchard with 550 trees (95% survival rate) and a 0.5-acre orange orchard with 75 trees (93% survival), enhancing biodiversity, air purification, and climate resilience. The MSA also improves regional accessibility between Mardan, Malakand, and adjoining areas, easing connectivity for underserved communities. Collectively, these findings position the Katlang Service Area as a model for sustainable, user-centered motorway infrastructure aligned with Pakistan’s National Transport Policy (2018), Clean Green Pakistan Movement, and SDGs 11 and 13.