Home-School Connection: Impact of Parental Involvement on Learning Outcomes in Primary Education

Abstract

This study evaluates the role of parental involvement in the academic performance of primary school students in Karachi, Pakistan, with a specific focus on the parents' level of education, occupation, and confidence in providing educational support. Utilizing qualitative phenomenology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 parents to discuss their involvement in their child school activities and the challenges they face. Students tend to achieve higher academic performance when their parents possess higher levels of education, as these parents are more equipped to assist with homework and engage in school activities. The extent of parental involvement is influenced by the type of employment, with individuals in flexible work arrangements able to engage more, while those with inconsistent hours face constraints. The engagement of parents in their children's school activities is shaped by their confidence in their ability to offer educational support, especially in the context of transformative teaching methods. Even with limitations in place, parents who engage actively in their children's education are likely to observe enhancements in their academic achievements. The findings of the study suggest that educational institutions ought to adapt their strategies for parental engagement to accommodate the diverse needs of families and offer support as needed.